Irrigation systems

The purpose of irrigations is to increase plant growth, increase productivity and improve product quality. In western Georgia, where there is enough rainfall, plant crops do not suffer from a lack of moisture and do not require irigation. In eastern Georgia, Kartli, and partly in Kakheti, grapes and fruits need to be irrigated, otherwise they either do not milk or do poor yields. There are several ways to water:
1. Trace from the flood
2. spill out
3.politsya like rain
4. Under the soil
5. Kopelny watering

1. Watering from the flood - This method is very common in Georgia.
In the ranks of the vines are yami tractor. The height of the holes is 12-20 cm, and the width is 30-40 cm. And the water at this time is woven at a depth of 90-100 cm in the soil.
2. Spill - during irrigation irrigation water is distributed evenly. After watering, the bark forms on the surface of the soil, which should be baked immediately after moistening the soil. This method of irrigation affects the structural and aggregate composition of the upper layers. This rule of surface irrigation is best used in the nursery.
3.politsya like rain - This method is one of the best ways to supply water. Used for any relief. Its advantage lies in the use of mechanization, regular water supply, uniform distribution of the area.
4. Under the soil — This system is located at the depth of the plantation, with a diameter of pre-drained plastic pipes attached to the water supply system. Watering system at depth is fully supplied with water. Watering the soil allows us to maintain the upper layers of the soil with structural conditions and optimum moisture.
This system is perpetual in vineyards and nurseries with good physical properties and moist soil.
5. Kopelny irrigation-Drip irrigation system between modern irrigation systems is the most rational.
The advantage of this rule is the continuation of humidification, water flow and full automation. Water purification is essential for proper system operation.

Definition of terms and norms of watering:
Irrigation rates, time and how much watering depends on the soil and climate, on the grape varieties and the time of maturity. Watering the soil in the vineyard should begin in May, when the main layer of root development will reduce the average moisture content in plants.
The weight management method is used to determine when to start watering the vineyard.
For all types of soil. Depending on the soil properties, the rate of irrigation per 1 ha of area (water consumption per irrigation) ranges from 500-1000 m3 and is calculated according to the formula:
M = h · w1-w2dv. 100 where
M - irrigation rate, µV / ha;
h - soil layer, m;
w 1 - marginal humidity of the field in%;
W2 - absolute humidity in%;
dv - soil volume, m / cc
The coefficient of calculation per 100 ha.